Army Technical Intelligence Chronology
Chapter 4: Official Documents
Robert L. Bolin
Univerisity of Nebraska-Lincoln
Lincoln, NE
2004
This chapter is part of a larger web
document. For more information, see the
Title Page and Contents.
Contents of Chapter 4, Official Documents
This chapter contains a list of official, published
manuals, orders, directives, and regulations directly concerning Army
technical intelligence organizations and activities.
Notes:
- Chapter 5, Unpublished References, lists
manuscript histories, unit data cards, and similar material.
- Chapter 6, Bibliography, listing laws, books,
manuals, and articles which are cited but which are not
primarily about technical intelligence.
- Appendix C, Alphabetic Title List, lists
all books, official documents, and other material cited in Chapters 4, 5, or 6.
Contents of Chapter 4, Official Documents
- Department of Defense
- Department of Defense Directives
- Department of Defense
Directive 5105.27,
Defense Intelligence Agency (Mapping, Charting and
Geodesy), August 1, 1961 .
This directive
provided for control of the mapping activities of
the armed forces by the Defense Intelligence Agency.
- Department of Defense
Directive 5105.28,
Defense Intelligence Agency (Technical Intelligence),
April 27, 1964.
This directive provided for
control of the technical intelligence activities of
the armed forces by the Defense Intelligence Agency.
Superceded DoD Directive 5105.28, December 1, 1962.
Appendix D to AR 381-9, 5 July 67.
- Department of Defense
Directive 5105.40,
Defense Mapping Agency (DMA), January 1,1972.
This directive established DMA and transferred to it the
mapping functions within the Department of Defense.
Cancelled DoD Directive 5105.27, Defense Intelligence
Agency (Mapping, Charting and Geodesy), November 21, 1962.
- Department of Defense
Directive 6420.1,
Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center,
December 9, 1982.
Effective October 1, 1982, this directive established
the Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center (AFMIC)
under management the Secretary of the Army as Executive
Agent who exercised his or her authority through the
Assistant Chief of Staff for
Intelligence and
The Surgeon General
of the Army. AFMIC is the successor the US Army Medical
Intelligence and Information Agency. See
Office of the Surgeon General
Permanent Order 16-1, 7 Sept 83.
- Department of Defense Regulations
- War Department or Headquarters,
Department of the Army
For definitions see,
War Department and
Headquarters, Department of the Army,
in the Glossary.
-
For a definition see,
Army Subject Schedules
in the Glossary.
- Army Subject Schedule 30-46,
Technical Intelligence Coordinator Personnel,
16 December 1963.
Provides detailed instructions for training technical
intelligence coordinators including lists of subjects to
be covered and references to be used.
AMC Dir 10-5, 2 Oct 62 describing
the organization and functions of the Foreign Science and
Technology Center is Appendix II.
- Army Subject Schedule 30-46,
Technical Intelligence Personnel, 12 March 1968.
Superceded ASubjScd 30-46,
16 Dec 63.
- Army Subject Schedule 55-10,
Introduction to Transportation Intelligence,
14 March 1961.
A brief guide providing for two hours of instruction.
Superceded ASubjScd 55-10, 17 Jan 56.
- Army Subject Schedule 55-14,
Transportation Intelligence, 6 October 1955.
A detailed program providing for eight hours of instruction.
- Army Subject Schedule 55-14,
Transportation Intelligence, 11 May 1962.
Detailed instructions providing for 60 hours of instruction.
Superceded ASubScd 55-14,
6 Oct 55.
-
-
For a definition, see
Circulars
in the Glossary.
- War Department Circular 104,
Shipment of Captured Materiel to United States for
Intelligence Purposes, 13 March 1944.
This directive lists the types of materiel required,
the quantities desired, and the addresses to which
they are to be shipped.
Superceded WD Memorandum W570-2-43,
22 July 43.
- War Department Circular 13,
Shipment of Captured Materiel to the United States for
Intelligence Purposes, 11 January 1945.
This was a much more thorough treatment of this subject than
previous directives. It prescribes the responsibilities of
Army Service Forces and Army Air Forces for technical
intelligence; discusses "Enemy Equipment Intelligence
Service Teams" and "Technical Air Intelligence Unites" which
were to operate in the various theaters; directs enforcement
of measures against destruction of captured equipment by
souvenir hunters; and provides lists the types of materiel
required, the quantities desired, and the addresses to which
they were to be shipped.
Superceded WD Circular 104,
13 March 44.
-
For a definition, see
Field Manuals
in the Glossary.
- Field Manual 3-130,
U.S. Army Chemical, Biological and
Radiological (CBR) Intelligence,
12 July 1958.
A more descriptive title would have been
"Army Chemical Corps Intelligence."
This manual describes at some length the nature of
chemical corps intellligence and the role of
the Chief Chemical Officer and of the
Chemical Corps Intelligence Agency as
well as the organization of technical
intelligence in army units in the field and
technical intelligence practices and procedures.
Classified "CONFIDENTIAL" when issued.
- Field Manual 5-30,
Engineer Intelligence, 12 May 1959.
This manual describes in detail all aspects of
engineer intelligence organizations and activities,
including technical intelligence, from collection
of information in the field to production of
finished reports. It gives an indication to
the breadth of the intelligence responsibilities
of the Corps of Engineers
in the 1950's.
Available from
Norwich University Library.
- Field Manual 5-30,
Engineer Intelligence, 22 September 1967.
Superceded FM 5-30, 12 May 59.
- Field Manual 11-30,
Signal Corps Technical Intelligence,
13 August 1956.
A very thorough manual which can be viewed as a detailed
definition of Signal Corps technical intelligence and of the
role of the Signal Corps Intelligence Agency (SCIA).
Superceded FM 11-35, 2 Sep 42.
Available from the
Military History Institute.
- Field Manual 11-35,
Signal Corps Intelligence, 2 September 1942.
This was written before responsibility for
communication
intelligence and
electronic
intelligence were
taken from the Signal Corps.
Much of it is devoted
to topics like radio intelligence, signal security,
secret inks, codes and ciphers, and cryptanalysis.
Chapter 4, "Enemy Equipment Intelligence Service,"
discusses the capture and analysis of enemy equipment.
Available from the
Military History Institute.
- Basic Field Manual Volume X, Part 3,
Examination of Enemy Personnel, Repatriates, Documents,
and Materiel, 21 February 1939.
This manual contains a very brief section on "Captured
Materiel."
Available from the
Military History Institute.
- Field Manual 30-15,
Examination of Enemy Personnel,
Repatriates, Documents, and Materiel, 22 July 1940.
The brief section on "Captured Materiel" was supplanted
by Training Circular 81, 6 Nov 42.
Superceded Basic Field Manual, Vol. X, Pt Three,
21 Feb 39.
- Field Manual 30-15,
Examination of Enemy Personnel,
Repatriates, Documents, and Materiel, 7 December 1943..
The brief section on "Captured Materiel" parrots the 1940
manual.
Apparently,Section II, TC 81, 6 Nov 42,
which contains much more detailed instructions concerning
captured materiel, was ignored when this manual was prepared.
That is surprising because TC 81,
6 Nov 42 makes a specific reference to
FM 30-15, 22 July 40, and instructed
that agencies charged with "the preparation of Field Manuals ...
will initiate at once the changes in those publications
necessary to implement the provisions of section II of
this training circular."
FM 21-6, List and Index of
War Department Publications, 10 May 45, shows
Section II, TC 81, 6 Nov 42 to still
be in force despite publication of this manual.
Marked "RESTRICTED" when issued.
Superceded FM 30-15, 22 July 1940.
- Field Manual 30-15,
Examination of Enemy Personnel, Repatriates, Civilians,
Documents, and Materiel, 11 June 1945.
This manual incorporates the policies set forth in
Section II, TC 81, 6 Nov 42. It also
provides for sending specialists from the technical services
into the field in "Enemy Equipment Intelligence Service" teams
and for souvenir control.
The changes, C1, 5 April 1948, and C2, 23 August 1948, primarily
concerned handling enemy materiel and technical intelligence
responsibilities.
Marked "RESTRICTED" when issued.
Superceded FM 30-15, 7 Dec 43, and
Change 1, 15 July 1944.
- Field Manual 30-15,
Examination of Personnel and Documents, 27 September 1951.
This manual superceded FM 30-15,
11 June 1945. It does not cover technical intelligence,
but assures the user that "FM 30-16, when published, will set
forth detailed procedures for handling enemy materiel."
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 29 June 1953.
This is the first manual dedicated to technical intelligence.
It is the successor to FM 30-15,
11 June 45. In contrast to the fairly brief reference to
technical intelligence in FM 30-15, 1945, this is a detailed
manual envisioning an
elaborate technical intelligence system involving many separate
organizations in the field as well at the Army headquarters.
It clearly reflects World War II experience in that it provides
for coordinated technical intelligence teams with forces in
the field. Those teams are to have a detailed plans for
seizing and exploiting intelligence targets of interest.
Provision is even made for organizing combat operations to
seize critical technical intelligence targets.
Marked "RESTRICTED" when issued. Parts were later
reclassified "CONFIDENTIAL."
Available from the Army Command and General
Staff College Library.
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 26 August 1955.
Classified "CONFIDENTIAL" when issued.
Then declassified, but later parts were reclassified.
Eventually declassified.
Superceded
FM 30-16, 29 June 53.
Available from the Military History Institute.
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 12 June 1961.
Superceded FM 30-16, 26 Aug 55.
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 19 September 1966.
This manual should be used with Change 1, 15 June 1967, which
makes numerous minor changes.
This is the first edition of this manual issued after the
1962 reorganization of the Army which nearly wiped out
the old technical services and reassigned their
intelligence responsibilities.
The technical intelligence organizations described at each
level are much simpler than those described in the 1961
edition.
Superceded FM 30-16, 12 June 61.
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 28 February 1969.
Superceded FM 30-16, 19 Sept 66.
- Field Manual 30-16,
Technical Intelligence, 31 August 1972.
Superceded FM 30-16, 28 Feb 69.
- Field Manual 34-54,
Battlefield Technical Intelligence,
5 April 1990.
As the title suggests, this is a major departure from earlier
manuals. It describes the technical intelligence field
organization of a combat command.
Superceded Field Manual 30-16,
31 Aug 72.
- Field Manual 55-8,
Transportation Intelligence,
12 October 1956.
Available from the
Military History Institute.
- Field Manual 55-8,
Transportation Intelligence,
6 December 1961.
A through manual showing the broad scope of
transportation intelligence at that time.
Outlines the organization and activities
of transportation intelligence
teams in the field.
Describes in detail the responsibilities of the
Chief of Transportation, the Chief of the
Transportation Intelligence Agency, and others for
transportation intelligence.
Superceded FM 55-8, 12 Oct 56.
Available from the
University of Georgia Libraries.
-
For a definition,
see General Orders
in the Glossary.
-
-
For a definition, see
Training Circulars
in the Glossary.
- Training Circular 81, 6 November 1942.
Section II. Processing of captured materiel for
intelligence purposes. Pending the revision of
Field Manual 30-15, 22 July 40 and
other manuals "...the following procedure is outlined for
the guidance of all concerned with a view to the maximum
exploitation of intelligence that can be derived from
captured materiel..." Among other things, the technical
services were instructed to prepare an "operator's
Technical Manual,
similar in form and content to our own" for captured
equipment. The number of the technical manual was to "be
the same as the nearest like item of American issue with the
letter "E" preceding the number." That resulted in the
publication of a number of technical manuals like
TM E9-369A, German 88-mm Antiaircraft Gun Materiel,
29 June 43 and TM E9-803, German Volkswagen, 6 June
1944, which are listed in
FM 21-6, List and Index of
War Department Publications, 10 May 45.
Augmented by War Department
Memorandum W570-1-43, 7 April 43 which provided for the
"Shipment of Captured Materiel to the United States."
Modified slightly by TC 100, 5 Dec 42.
- Training Circular 100, 5 December 1942.
Section III. Processing of captured materiel for
intelligence purposes. Revised Paragraph 3, Section II of
TC 81, 6 Nov 42 to provide for
guarding of crashed or captured enemy aircraft.
-
For a definition, see
memorandum
in the Glossary.
- Memorandum W570-1-42,
Shipment of Captured Materiel to the United States
, 23 October 1942.
This directive, which does not contain the word
"intelligence," called for "samples of
enemy equipment and materiel" to be returned for
evaluation by the "supply services responsible for
similar American equipment." The instructions
are vague and nonspecific.
- Memorandum W570-1-43,
Shipment of Captured Materiel to the United States,
7 April 1943.
This directive states that "It is imperative that every
effort be made to transmit samples of all new types of
captured equipment to the United States."
It augments and implements Section II of
Training Circular 81, 6 Nov 42,
"in order to place the captured material
in the hands of technical experts in the United States
for the purposes of analysis, making deducations as to
the state of enemy resources, and preparation of
Operator's Manuals, Technical Manuals and visual training
aids." Among other things, the memorandum gives the
addresses to which different types of enemy equipment
are to be sent. Inclosures tell "the types and
quantities of materiel required" by the various technical
service intelligence offices. Apparently for the first time,
this directive transmitted the requirements of the
technical services and established procedures for delivery
of the materiel required.
Superceded WD Memorandum W570-1-42,
23 Oct 42.
- Memorandum W570-2-43,
Shipment of Captured Materiel to the United States
for Intelligence Purposes, 22 July 1943.
This directive, which uses the phrase "for Intelligence
Purposes" in its title, augments and implements
Section II of
Training Circular 81, 6 Nov 42.
Like the previous memorandum, it stated the requirements
of the technical services and gave the addresses to which
captured materiel and equipment was to be shipped.
Superceded WD Memorandum W570-1-43,
1 April 43.
Technical Service
For a definition, see
Technical Services
in the Glossary.
- The Surgeon General
For a discussion of the role of
Tbe Surgeon General,
see the Glossary.
- Office of The Surgeon General
Permanent Orders 16-1,
United States Army Medical Intelligence and
Information Agency (MDW3VXAA), Ft. Detrick,
Frederick, MD 21701, 7 September 1983.
Effective 1 October 1982, the MIIA was redesignated the
"Armed Forces Medical Intelligence Center." It
stated that "The Armed Forces Medical Intelligence
Center shall have sole responsibility within the
Department of Defense for the production of required
medical scientific and technical intelligence and
general medical intelligence, as well as
organization and execution of all medical aspects
of the DoD Foreign Materiel Exploitation Program."
See DoD Directive
6420.1, December 9, 1982.
- Office of The Surgeon
General Permanent Orders 2-1,
United States Armed Forces Medical
Intelligence Center MD (W3VXAA) Frederick, MD
21702-5001, 3 January 1992.
Effective 1 January 1992, AFMIC was "transferred to
Defense Intelligence Agency."
At that time, AFMIC strength was:
- Military authorized strength: 11 Officers; 2 Enlisted
- Civilian Authorized strength: 54 direct hire
Army Major Command
For a definition, see
Major Army Command
in the Glossary.
- U.S. Army Materiel Command(AMC)
- General Orders
- U.S. Army Materiel Command
General Orders 10,
Organization of Units and Assignment of Table of
Distribution Numbers to Installations and activities
Under Command Jurisdiction of HQ U.S. Army Materiel
Command, 17 August 1962.
Effective 1 August
1962, the U.S. Army Foreign Science and Technology
Center was assigned TD Number 69-7854. The TD Numbers
for the Chemical Corps, Ordnance Corps, Signal Corps,
Transportation Corps, and Quartermaster Corps
intelligence agencies were discontinued.
- U.S. Army Materiel Command
General Orders 5,
Missile Intelligence Directorate, U.S. Army Missile
Command, Huntsville, Alabama 355809 (TDA M3_W2USAA_OO),
19 January 1968. Effective 1 December 1967, the
Directorate was "organized."
This order recognizes the intelligence
staff in the headquarters of the Missile Command as an
official intelligence agency. The directorate was
assigned this mission:
To advise and assist the Commanding General, and all
appropriate elements of the U.S. Army Missile Intelligence
Command, in maters pertaining to foreign intelligence.
To develop, maintain, and disseminate foreign
scientific and technical intelligence concerning
ground forces surface-to-surface, surface-to-air,
and anti-ballistic missile systems in response to
valid ... production requirements.
- Regulations
- U.S. Army Missile Command (MICOM)--
A subcommand of the Army Materiel Command
U.S. Army Intelligence and Security
Command(INSCOM)
- Permanent Orders
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 79-1,
United States Army Intelligence
Agency (W4QPAA) Wash DC 20310-1015,
20 September 1991.
Effective 1 October 1991, the U.S.
Army Intelligence Agency was reassigned
from the Office of the Deputy Chief of
Staff for Intelligence to INSCOM.
The Army Intelligence Agency had command
of three intelligence production
agencies:
- US Army Foreign Science and Technology Center
- US Army Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center
- US Army Missile and Space Intelligence Center
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 1-20,
United States Army Missile and Space
Intelligence Center (W2USAA), Redstone
Arsenal, AL 35808, 3 January 1992.
Effective 1 January 1992,
USAMSIC was assigned to the Defense
Intelligence Agency. USAMSIC had been
assigned to the Army Intelligence Agency
which itself had recently been reassigned
to INSCOM.
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 41-2,
United States Army Foreign Science and
Technology Center (WOKPAA), Charlottesville,
Virginia 22901;
United States Army Intelligence and Threat
Analysis Center (W3YDAA), Washington, DC
20370,
9 April 1992.
Effective 10 April, FSTC and ITAC were
reassigned from the US Army Intelligence
Agency to Headquarters, US Army Intelligence
and Security Command. They "...are
assigned to Deputy Chief of Staff for
Intelligence (DCSINT), DA, for
operational control."
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 41-1,
United States Army Intelligence and Security
Command, Intelligence Production Management
Activity (Provisional), Falls Church, Virginia
22041, 9 April 1992.
Effective 10 April, this new
agency was "...organized from the existing
resources of U.S. Army Intelligence Agency
(W4QPAA)..." to serve as "the Army Intelligence
Production Management Office."
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 94-1,
United States Army Intelligence and Security
Command Intelligence Production Management
Activity (W4QPAA), Fort Belvoir, Virginia
22060-5246 17 November 1993.
Effective 1 October, the U.S. Army Intelligence
Agency was officially redisignated as the
INSCOM Production Management Activity.
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 41-1,
National Ground Intelligence
Center (Provisional) Charlottesville , VA 22902
, 3 June 1994.
Effective 8 July 1994, the Army Foreign
Science and Technology Center and
Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center were
merged, and a new organization with its headquarters
in Charlottesville was organized.
The term "Provisional" in the title
of the organization means that the paperwork
needed to set up a permanent Army organization has
not been completed and that an official
table of organization and equipment
or
table of distribution and allowance
has not yet been assigned.
- U.S. Army
Intelligence and Security Command
Permanent Order 234-1,
INSCOM National Ground Intelligence
Center, Charlottesville (WOKPAA), VA 22902
, 22 August 1995.
Effective 1 October 1995, the merger of the Army Foreign
Science and Technology Center and Intelligence and Threat
Analysis Center was confirmed.
The mission of the new Center was given as:
To produce and disseminate Ground Forces
intelligence in support of force and materiel developers,
operational forces and Department of the Army (DA) /
Department of Defense (DoD) national-level decision
makers and to manage the Army's Foreign
Materiel Exploitation Program (FMEP) and
foreign materiel acquisition requirements.
The National Ground Intelligence Center is a
major subordinate command (MSC) of the
United States Army Intelligence and Security
Command (INSCOM) with operational control
exercised by the Deputy Chief of Staff,
Intelligence (ECSINT).
The strength is shown as:
- Military Authorized Strength:
49 Officers,
10 Warrant Officers,
104 Enlisted
- Civilian Authorized Strength:
666 Civilians
*
Other Army Organization
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University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-4100
© 2000 by Robert L. Bolin. All rights reserved
Voice: 402-472-2731 | Email: rbolin2@unl.edu
URL: http://www.unl.edu/Bolin_resources/TI/official.html
Version 4.03; Last Revised: 23 March 2005
Please send comments and suggestions to Bob Bolin at
rbolin2@unl.edu.
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