Contentious Issues in Anthropology
Anthropology 488/888
9 August 2004 = Last Update

Fall 2004

Update on Current Issues

Instructor: Raymond Hames
Office: 228 Bessey Hall

Office Hours: Monday 2:00-4:00 Tuesday 8:00-9:00                                                                                   
Wednesday 9:30-11:00
Friday 8:00-10:30
 

E-mail rhames@unl.edu
Phone # 472-6240, 2411; 474-6298 (home)
Course Web page: http://www.unl.edu/rhames/courses/current/current2004.htm
Class meeting: W 3:00-5:15 PM, Room 219 Bessey Hall


Aim and Scope of Course:

This is a three field course designed to acquaint advanced undergraduate and graduate students with current and sometimes controversial issues in anthropology. At the close of their graduate or undergraduate careers students often specialize in particular areas of study and seem to forget that anthropology is an interdisciplinary science (The same may be said of academics.).  While it is impossible for anyone to keep abreast of all new developments across all fields of anthropology, students should be aware of basic research and theoretical issues in physical, archaeology,  and cultural anthropology. The aim of this course is to make you knowledgeable and conversant in some of these issues.

All the readings present at least two sides of an issue (e.g., peopling of the Americas, the Eve hypothesis) and most articles are direct comments on proponents, ideas, theories, methods, and data. At times these debates are quite heated (see especially the IQ, race, and class debate) and contestants frequently resort to logical fallacies in order to make their points. You will learn how to spot such tactics such as ad hominem ("if you were better trained you would not have made such a stupid statement") ad popularum (e.g., "the majority of anthropologists do not take this position, therefore you are wrong"), and the naturalistic fallacy ("that which is natural is good" or "that theory cannot be correct because it is immoral").  Visit Brian Yoder's Fallacy Zoo for a humorous examination of widely used logical fallacies.  Unfortunately, the page is not fully functional.  An even better source on logical fallacies can be found at Fallacy Files.  But more importantly, I hope to give you some tips on evaluating theory, methods, research design, and data analysis that will help you determine the strengths and weaknesses of what you read.
 

Weekly Plan
Each week you will read the assigned articles held on reserve in the Geology Library. I recommend that you copy them. Copies can be made in the Geosciences Library but it may be cheaper to take them is the City Union Copy Center (phone: 2-6898, Room #121).  When you come to the seminar to discuss the assigned readings you should have made notes on each of the articles and an outline of the 2.5 page (undergrads) or 4 page (grad) you will turn in next meeting.  The outline should describe the issue or issues, positions taken, and your assessment of the controversy.  The summary is due on the next seminar date (e.g., summaries of week one are due day we meet on week two).  Randomly I will ask to see your notes and outlines, some bring them with you.  You will be graded on your notes, summaries, and seminar participation. There will be no final or term paper.

Guide to Writing Summaries

In writing your summaries try to organize them by focusing on the following questions:

  • What is (are) the issue under contention?

  • What are the positions taken by each side?

  • What kinds of evidence are used to support each position? 

  • Is there a problem with the evidence?  That is, is it suspect (e.g., poor quality or fragmentary) or not relevant?

  • Are there areas of agreement?

  • What is the theoretical orientation of each side?

  • What kind of additional evidence do we need to settle the controversy and what kind of research is the controversy promoting?

In many of our seminars a faculty guest or "local expert" will be present to serve as a resource in our discussion of the issues. Finally, I will ask the group to suggests topics that you feel are important and could replace one or more of the topics listed in the course syllabus.

There is a web site at Texas A& M University entitled "Anthropology in the News".  It is an extremely useful "one click" source to keep abreast of fast-breaking findings, events, and controversial issues in the field.

Readings and Topics for Each Week (beginning with Week 2):
we have an organizational meeting on August 26th


 Readings on Reserve.   Unless otherwise indicated all readings are on reserve in the Geosciences Library.  As often as possible I will create hyperlinks to them if I have electronic versions.

September 1
Essentialism and Race:


 

 


September 8

Intellectual Property Rights and Native Peoples  


Readings on Reserve

  • Brush, Stephen (1993) "Indigenous Knowledge of Biological Resources and intellectual Property Rights: The Role of Anthropology" American Anthropologist 95(3): 653-671.

  • Greaves, Tom (1994) "IPR, A Current Survey".

  • Pinel, Sandra and Michael Evans "Tribal Sovereignty and the Control of Knowledge"

  • Kloppenbergh, Jack "No Hunting!  Biodiversity, indigenous rights, and scientific poaching.  Cultural Survival Quarterly (Summer 1991)

  • Thomasson, Gordon "Liberia's Seeds of Knowledge". Cultural Survival Quarterly (Summer 1991)

Web Sites Dealing with Intellectual Property and Ethics


September 15

Male Hunting and Family Provisioning among Foragers


Readings on Reserve

 



September 22

Chimpanzee Infanticide and Warfare: unnatural conditions or adaptive behaviors?


Readings on Reserve

 

Web Sites dealing with Chimpanzee "Politics"

 

September 29
Morally Engaged versus Scientific Anthropology


Web Sites dealing with Science and Postmodernism

October 6
Conservation and Overkill


Readings on Reserve

Web Readings

Wildlife Utilization in Latin America
(United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization publication)
Tragedy of the Commons

October 13
NAGPRA and Kennewick Issues


Readings on Reserve

  • Robert M. Peregoy, 1999, "Nebraska's Landmark Repatriation Law: A Study of Cross-Cultural Conflict and Resolution," in Troy R. Johnson, ed., Contemporary Native American Political Issues, Altamira Press,, pp. 229-274

  • Roger Echo-Hawk, 1997, "Forging a New Ancient History for Native America," in Nina Swidler, Kurt Dongoske, Roger Anyon, Alan Downer, eds., Native Americans and Archaeologists: Stepping Stones to Common Ground, Altamira Press,88-102

Web Sites Dealing with NAGPRA and Kennewick: required readings

Web Sites Dealing with pre-Clovis Finds

Local Expert: Melissa Connor

October 20
Evolution and Female Status


Readings on Reserve

Web resources on Matriarchy

Goddess Theory

 Local Expert: Dr. Patricia Draper

October 27
Quack Anthropology and Forbidden Behavioral Science


Readings on Reserve or on the Web

Web sites dealing with quack anthropology and science (most have numerous links to other sites dealing with diverse topic)

November 3
Does Race Exist?


    Readings on Reserve

Late Breaking News on the Reanalysis

    Web Sites Dealing with Race

 

November 10
Indigenous People and Activism


    Readings on Reserve

 

November 17
The Evolution of Menopause


Hawkes et al.  "Hadza Women's Time Allocation, Offspring Provisioning, and the Evolution of Long Postmenopausal Life Spans"Current Anthropology.  (1997)

Jocelyn Peccei "Menopause: Adaptation or Epiphenomenon?  Evolutionary Anthropology.  (2001)

 


 

November 24
Thanksgiving: go home!


December 1
Museums & Anthropology


Readings on Reserve (no on-line readings)

  • "Do Museums Misrepresent Ethnic Communities Around the World?"

  •    "Yes": James Clifford

  •     "No": Denis Dutton

  • "Power and Objects and a Voice for Anthropology.  Jonathan Haas.  Current Anthropology 37:S1-S22 (1997)

December 8
The Peopling of the Americas: The Solutrean Connection


Film: Who Were the First Americans? (Recently aired on National Geographic)

Local expert: Dr. Peter Bleed & LuAnn Wandsnider